The oxidation state, often known as the oxidation number, in chemistry refers to the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all of its links to other atoms were entirely ionic. It describes how much an atom has oxidized (lost electrons) in a chemical complex. The oxidation state can theoretically be positive, negative, or zero. Although nature does not include entirely ionic bonds, it does contain numerous strong ionic bonds, making the oxidation state a reasonable predictor of charge.
Oxidation States of all Elements
|
Atomic No |
Name |
Symbol |
Oxidation States |
|
1 |
H |
+1, -1 |
|
|
2 |
He |
0 |
|
|
3 |
Li |
1 |
|
|
4 |
Be |
2 |
|
|
5 |
B |
3 |
|
|
6 |
C |
+4, +2, -4 |
|
|
7 |
N |
+5, +4, +3, +2, +1, -1, -2, -3 |
|
|
8 |
O |
-2 |
|
|
9 |
F |
-1 |
|
|
10 |
Ne |
0 |
|
|
11 |
Na |
1 |
|
|
12 |
Mg |
2 |
|
|
13 |
Al |
3 |
|
|
14 |
Si |
+4, +2, -4 |
|
|
15 |
P |
+5, +3, -3 |
|
|
16 |
S |
+6, +4, -2 |
|
|
17 |
Cl |
-1 |
|
|
18 |
Ar |
0 |
|
|
19 |
K |
1 |
|
|
20 |
Ca |
2 |
|
|
21 |
Sc |
3 |
|
|
22 |
Ti |
+4, +3, +2 |
|
|
23 |
V |
+5, +4, +3, +2 |
|
|
24 |
Cr |
+6, +3, +2 |
|
|
25 |
Mn |
+7, +4, +3, +2 |
|
|
26 |
Fe |
+3, +2 |
|
|
27 |
Co |
+3, +2 |
|
|
28 |
Ni |
+3, +2 |
|
|
29 |
Cu |
+2, +1 |
|
|
30 |
Zn |
2 |
|
|
31 |
Ga |
3 |
|
|
32 |
Ge |
+4, +2 |
|
|
33 |
As |
+5, +3, -3 |
|
|
34 |
Se |
+6, +4, -2 |
|
|
35 |
Br |
+5, +1, -1 |
|
|
36 |
Kr |
0 |
|
|
37 |
Rb |
1 |
|
|
38 |
Sr |
2 |
|
|
39 |
Y |
3 |
|
|
40 |
Zr |
4 |
|
|
41 |
Nb |
+5, +3 |
|
|
42 |
Mo |
6 |
|
|
43 |
Tc |
+7, +6, +4 |
|
|
44 |
Ru |
3 |
|
|
45 |
Rh |
3 |
|
|
46 |
Pd |
+3, +2 |
|
|
47 |
Ag |
1 |
|
|
48 |
Cd |
2 |
|
|
49 |
In |
3 |
|
|
50 |
Sn |
+4, +2 |
|
|
51 |
Sb |
+5, +3, -3 |
|
|
52 |
Te |
+6, +4, -2 |
|
|
53 |
I |
+7, +5, +1, -1 |
|
|
54 |
Xe |
0 |
|
|
55 |
Cs |
1 |
|
|
56 |
Ba |
2 |
|
|
57 |
La |
3 |
|
|
58 |
Ce |
+4, +3 |
|
|
59 |
Pr |
3 |
|
|
60 |
Nd |
3 |
|
|
61 |
Pm |
3 |
|
|
62 |
Sm |
+3, +2 |
|
|
63 |
Eu |
+3, +2 |
|
|
64 |
Gd |
3 |
|
|
65 |
Tb |
3 |
|
|
66 |
Dy |
3 |
|
|
67 |
Ho |
3 |
|
|
68 |
Er |
3 |
|
|
69 |
Tm |
3 |
|
|
70 |
Yb |
+3, +2 |
|
|
71 |
Lu |
3 |
|
|
72 |
Hf |
4 |
|
|
73 |
Ta |
5 |
|
|
74 |
W |
6 |
|
|
75 |
Re |
+7, +6, +4 |
|
|
76 |
Os |
+4, +3 |
|
|
77 |
Ir |
+4, +3 |
|
|
78 |
Pt |
+4, +2 |
|
|
79 |
Au |
+3, +1 |
|
|
80 |
Hg |
+2, +1 |
|
|
81 |
Tl |
+3, +1 |
|
|
82 |
Pb |
+4, +2 |
|
|
83 |
Bi |
+5, +3 |
|
|
84 |
Po |
+4, +2 |
|
|
85 |
At |
7, 5, 3, 1, -1 |
|
|
86 |
Rn |
0 |
|
|
87 |
Fr |
1 |
|
|
88 |
Ra |
2 |
|
|
89 |
Ac |
3 |
|
|
90 |
Th |
4 |
|
|
91 |
Pa |
+5, +4 |
|
|
92 |
U |
+6, +5, +4, +3 |
|
|
93 |
Np |
+6, +5, +4, +3 |
|
|
94 |
Pu |
+6, +5, +4, +3 |
|
|
95 |
Am |
+6, +5, +4, +3 |
|
|
96 |
Cm |
3 |
|
|
97 |
Bk |
+4, +3 |
|
|
98 |
Cf |
3 |
|
|
99 |
Es |
3 |
|
|
100 |
Fm |
3 |
|
|
101 |
Md |
+3, +2 |
|
|
102 |
No |
+3, +2 |
|
|
103 |
Lr |
3 |
|
|
104 |
Rf |
4 |
|
|
105 |
Db |
4,3,2 |
|
|
106 |
Sg |
6, 5, 4, 3, 0 |
|
|
107 |
Bh |
7, 5, 4, 3 |
|
|
108 |
Hs |
8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 |
|
|
109 |
Mt |
9, 8, 6, 4, 3, 1 |
|
|
110 |
Ds |
8, 6, 4, 2, 0 |
|
|
111 |
Rg |
5, 3, 1, -1 |
|
|
112 |
Cn |
2,1,0 |
|
|
113 |
Nh |
-1, +1, +3, +5 |
|
|
114 |
Fl |
6, 4,2, 1, 0 |
|
|
115 |
Mc |
3, 1 |
|
|
116 |
Lv |
+4, +2, -2 |
|
|
117 |
Ts |
+5, +3, +1, -1 |
|
|
118 |
Og |
+6, +4, +2, +1, 0, -1 |
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