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ch3coch3: Acetone - Properties - Uses - Names

 

ch3coch3: Acetone - Properties - Uses - Names

Acetone

Acetone (systemic name: propanone) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COCH3 belonging to the family of ketones and is the simplest representative of this family. Acetone is a colorless, flammable liquid with a melting point of −95.4 °C and a boiling point of 56.53 °C. One of the most popular household uses is its use as a nail polish remover. Acetone is also used in the manufacture of plastics, fibres, medicines and other chemicals.

 

 Acetone dissolves in water, alcohol and ether. Acetone is an important organic solvent. It is usually the preferred solvent for cleaning purposes in the laboratory. About 5.1 million tons per year were produced worldwide in 2009, mainly for use as a solvent and in the production of MMA and BPA. Known household uses for acetone are as the active ingredient in nail polish removal and as a polish thinner.

 

It is also a common building block in organic chemistry. Acetone is produced naturally within the human body and is also eliminated as a result of normal metabolic processes. Reproductive toxicity tests have shown that acetone has little ability to cause reproductive problems. In fact, the body naturally increases the level of acetone in pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children because their need is high or high. Energy leads to higher acetone production and the medical community is now using the ketogenic diet, which increases acetone within the body, to reduce epileptic attacks or seizures in infants and children with refractory epilepsy.

 

 

Properties of Acetone

 Name of Molecule:  Acetone

Molecular Geometry: Trigonal planar

Hybridization: sp2

Molecular Formula: CH3COCH3

Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mol

Bond Pairs: 10

Lone Pairs: 2

 

 

Other names for acetone

 

·       propan-2-one

·       Dimethyl ketone

·       Dimethyl carbonyl

·       β-Ketopropane

·       Propanone

·       2-Propanone

·       Dimethyl formaldehyde

·       Pyroacetic spirit

·       Ketone propane

 

 

Medical and cosmetic uses

Acetone is used in a variety of general medical and cosmetic applications and is also listed as an ingredient in food additives and food packaging. Acetone is commonly used in the skin rejuvenation process in offices and medical spas. Since the days of ancient Egypt, people have been using chemical peeling methods to rejuvenate the skin.

Some of the common agents used today for chemical peeling are salicylic acid, glycolic acid and also (30%) of salicylic acid in ethyl alcohol and trichloroacetic acid (methyl chloroform). Chemical peels, the skin must be cleaned properly and the excess fat must be removed. This process is known as the removal or removal of fat and in this process acetone or subtisol or a combination of these agents is commonly used.

 

 

Laboratory uses

In the laboratory, acetone is used as a polar, non-protonated solvent in a variety of organic reactions such as (SN2) reactions. The use of the solvent acetone is critical to Jones' oxidation. It is also a common solvent for rinsing laboratory glassware due to its low cost and volatility however it does not form an azotrope with water. Despite its common use as a putative drying agent, it is only effective by displacing and loosening the buildup.

Acetone can be cooled using dry ice (-78°C) without freezing. Dry ice acetone baths are commonly used to conduct reactions at low temperatures. The acetone gives off light or radiation. Fluorescent under UV light and its vapor can be used as radioactive reagents in fluid flow experiments.

 

 

Household uses

Acetone is often the main ingredient in cleaning agents, for example, as a nail polish remover. Ethyl acetate is another organic solvent that can also be used occasionally. Acetone is a strong glue remover that easily removes scale from glass, porcelain, or porcelain.

Acetone can also be used as an artistic or cosmetic agent when it is rubbed against the back of a laser print or when a photographic image is placed face down on another surface and it is highly polished or shimmered so that the image ink is transferred to the surface of the destination.

Cuticles resulting from applying wigs and mustaches by immersing the item in an acetone bath and then removing the remnants of glue or glue with a strong brush. Some car enthusiasts also add acetone at a ratio of about one to 500 parts to the fuel, after claims to improve fuel consumption and engine life.

 

 

Toxicity

Acetone is believed to have slight toxicity in normal use and there is no strong evidence of chronic health effects if basic precautions are followed.

In very high concentrations of vapor, acetone causes irritation and, like many other solvents, can affect and inhibit the functioning of the central nervous system. OR is also a severe irritant in contact with the eyes and potentially hazardous to aspiration or pulmonary respiration. In one documented case, ingestion of a large amount of acetone resulted in systemic poisoning although the patient eventually recovered completely.

Some sources estimate (LD50) for human ingestion at (1,159) g/kg, inhalation (LD50) by rats given as (44) g/m3 for more than four hours. It has been shown that acetone has antiepileptic effects in animal models of epilepsy in the absence of toxicity, when it is ingested in concentrations measured in mmol. It has been hypothesized that the high-fat, low-carb ketogenic diet may be used in practice to combat drug resistance to epilepsy in children as it increases acetone levels in the brain.

 

 

Environmental influences

Acetone evaporates rapidly even from water and soil and once in the atmosphere it is broken down by ultraviolet radiation with a half-life of 22 days. Acetone dissolves slowly in soil, animals or waterways where it is sometimes consumed by microorganisms, but it is considered a major pollutant of groundwater due to the high water solubility (LD50) of acetone in fish (8.3 g/L of water) or about 0.8%) over 96 hours and the environmental half-life of about (1-10 days).


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