Alkaline batteries
Alkaline batteries are batteries
that have a relatively long shelf life, their electrodes are made of zinc and
manganese dioxide, and this type of battery has a constant voltage, which
provides better regular energy, and it comes in several sizes to suit different
uses, including what is Rechargeable, some of which must be disposed of when
the battery is discharged.[1]
History of the alkaline battery industry
Swiss engineer Waldemar Jungner
developed a rechargeable alkaline cadmium silver battery in the year 1899 AD.
Alkaline in 1901 AD.[2]
Alkaline batteries became
available in the market in the 1960s, and are now the most common batteries in
the world, and are used daily in remote controls, toys, cameras, radios, light
bulbs, etc., whether they are rechargeable batteries or not. [3] ]
Alkaline battery components
Alkaline batteries consist of the
following parts:[4]
1. The material of the anode or positive electrode is
made of zinc material.
2. The cathode or cathode material is made of
manganese-based paste.
3. An alkaline electrolyte is a solution of potassium
hydroxide (KOH), which acts as a medium in which ions and electrons flow.
4. A metal case or a steel frame housing containing
battery components.
5. The collector bar attached to the negative terminal is
a metallic material that separates the anode from the cathode and keeps the
materials from mixing and reacting when the circuit is closed.
Alkaline battery sizes
Batteries have several different
shapes and sizes, used according to the specifications of the device they are
placed in, and the following are the most common batteries: [5]
1. D Size battery cells: 58 mm in length and 33 mm in diameter.
2. C Size battery cells: 46mm in length, 26mm in ring diameter.
3. AA size battery cells: 50 mm long, 14.2 mm ring diameter.
4. AAA size battery cells: 44.5 mm in length, 10.5 mm in diameter.
5. AAAA size battery cells: 40.2 mm in length, 8.4 mm in ring diameter.
6. N Size battery cells: 28 mm in length, 11.5 mm in ring diameter.
How alkaline battery works
When the electric cell is
connected, and connected to a device such as a light bulb or electric bell, the
zinc substance inside it reacts with manganese dioxide in a chemical reaction,
losing electrons.[6]
These lost electrons are collected
on the metal rod inside the cell, allowing it to flow from the negative
electrode at the bottom of the battery, then pass through electrical wires to
the light bulb or electric buzzer, making the lamp light up, or the bell ring,
and then the electrons back to the top of the battery via its anode.[6]
References
1. Vishal Sapru , "the-world-of-alkaline-batteries",
batterypoweronline, Retrieved 17/1/2022. Edited.
2. RICHARD (30/11/2017), "history-alkaline-battery",
upsbatterycenter, Retrieved 17/1/2022. Edited.
3. "what-are-alkaline-batteries",
batteryguy, 1/6/2020, Retrieved 17/1/2022. Edited.
4. Jack Byrom (24/4/2017), "What Are
the Elements of an Alkaline Battery?", sciencing, Retrieved 7/4/2022.
Edited.
5. "battery-size-chart",
power tenergy., Retrieved 17/1/2022. Edited.
6. Dominick (9/9/2019), "how
do batteries work?", theconversation, Retrieved 17/1/2022. Edited.
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