Properties of Ammonium chloride
Name of Molecule |
Ammonium chloride |
Molecular Geometry |
Tetrahedral |
Hybridization |
sp3 |
Molecular Formula |
NH₄Cl |
Molecular Weight |
53.491 g/mol |
Bond Pairs |
4 |
Lone Pairs |
4 |
Lewis structure |
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Other names |
Sal ammoniac, Salmiac, Nushadir
salt, Sal armagnac, Ammonium Muriate |
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Definitions
Molecular Geometry: (molecular geometry) Molecules have a balanced geometric
shape, the bonds have a certain length and angle as well, and the laws of
quantum mechanics determine this. The chemical equation and the structural
equation of a molecule are the two most important factors in determining its
properties, especially its activity. The structure of the molecule also plays
an important role in determining polarity, state of matter, colour, magnetism,
taste, and many other properties. bond angle ,
vsepr , bonding shapes , electron domain , bonding domain
Hybridization: hybrid meaning Hybridization
in chemistry is the process of mixing, merging, or combining two or more
different orbitals of electrons in the same atom. And they are close in energy
to produce new hybrid orbitals of equal length and energy. Hybridization occurs
in the same single atom and produces orbitals that are equivalent in shape,
length and energy. The atom must be excited. The orbitals must be close in
energy, such as 2s with 2p or 4s with 3d. The number of hybrid orbitals is
equal to the number of pure orbitals involved in the hybridization. The hybrid
orbitals are more prominent outward so that their ability to overlap is
stronger than that of normal orbitals. s hybridization , hybrid store , is
hybrid
Molecular Formula: A chemical formula is a brief way
of expressing the number and type of atoms that make up a particular chemical
compound. It expresses each element with its chemical symbol, and writes
directly next to it the number of atoms in the molecule of this compound. If
there is more than one atom of the same element in the molecule, the number of
atoms is written to the bottom right of the element. For non-molecular
substances, the bottom number represents the descriptive formula. The chemical
formula that is used for a series of compounds that differ from each other by
fixed units is called the "general formula". This series is called a
homogeneous series, and its number is called the homogeneity symbol.
Molecular Weight: in chemistry of a substance
(sometimes called the molecular weight of a substance) is the mass of a
molecule of that substance, relative to a unit of atomic mass (u which equals
1/12 of the mass of an n-carbon-12 atom) (simply: molecular mass is the sum of
the weights atoms in a molecule). Molecular mass can be calculated as the sum
of the atomic weights of the atoms in any molecule. Molecular mass can also be
measured directly with a mass spectrometer. In mass spectrometry, the molecular
mass of small molecules (less than about 200 atoms of a given element) is
minute, ie the sum of the most abundant isotopes of that element. For larger
molecules, it is average, or it is calculated using the molecular mass of the
element or using the periodic table, where there are statistics for the
distribution of atoms represented by isotopes of the molecule.
Bond Pairs: A bond pair is a pair of electrons present in a chemical bond. As we
know, one bond is always made of two electrons paired together. Together, these
two electrons are called a bond pair. Bond pairs can be seen in covalent
compounds and coordination compounds.
Lone Pairs: A non-bonding or lone pair is a pair of electrons in an atom without
bonding or sharing with another atom. It often has a negative polarity due to
its high charge density. This pair is used to make coordination bonds.
For example, in the manufacture of hydronium, H3O +, ions are present when
acids are dissolved in water and the oxygen atom gives a lone pair to the
hydrogen ion.
Lewis structure: A Lewis structure or Lewis representation (also known as electron
raster diagram, Lewis raster formula, Lewis point structure, or point electron
structure) is a two-dimensional diagram used in chemistry to show the bonding
between atoms of a molecule and the lone electron pairs that may be present in
this molecule. It is primarily used to show the relative positions of the
different atoms with respect to each other and the formations of the valence
bonds that bring together the different atoms of the compound as well as the
position of electrons with respect to the atoms of the molecule. The Lewis
structure can be plotted for any molecule that contains a covalent bond
in addition to the complexes. resonance
structure class 11 , resonance form
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